In simple terms, it is an electrical appliance that uses a motor to drive a fan to create negative pressure (suction). It sucks up dust, hair, debris, and other particles from floors, furniture, crevices, etc., and collects them in a dust cup or dust bag for routine home cleaning.
Key characteristics:
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Household use: Different from industrial vacuum cleaners (which have higher power and larger capacity).
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Creates suction: The core principle is using internal vacuum pressure difference to suck in air and dirt.
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Filtration system: Uses filters (e.g., HEPA filters) to expel clean air and prevent secondary pollution.
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Various attachments: Typically comes with floor brushes, crevice tools, motorized pet brushes, etc., for different cleaning scenarios.
Common types of household vacuum cleaners:
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Canister (or cylinder) vacuum: A body with wheels, connected by a hose to the cleaning head. Strong suction, suitable for large areas.
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Upright vacuum: The body stands upright; common in Europe and the US. Convenient for quick use.
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Handheld vacuum: Small and lightweight, for cleaning sofas, cars, keyboards, etc.
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Stick vacuum (cordless): Currently the most popular type. Lightweight and free from power cords (e.g., Dyson, Xiaomi).
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Robot vacuum (robotic vacuum): Automatically navigates and cleans floors.
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